Shear Studs For Steel-To-Concrete Connections
When you need to purchase shear studs for your next project, BACO Enterprises, Inc. is your reliable source for high-strength fasteners designed for steel-to-concrete connections.
Our welded shear connectors, including shear studs and anchors, are used in bridge building, highway construction, tunnel work, and marine infrastructure, offering dependable performance and long-term structural integrity through an efficient welding process.
Contractors, fabricators, and erectors across the Northeast and Mid-Atlantic trust us for the fast delivery and consistent quality needed to meet demanding construction schedules.
Engineered Shear Connectors Built To Industry Standards
We offer shear connectors, including ASTM A29 shear studs and 3/4 shear studs, manufactured to meet critical industry specifications such as ASTM A108, ASTM A722, and F1554, perfect for use in stud welding applications. These fasteners are essential for concrete embedment and are engineered to deliver reliable load transfer and composite action between steel and concrete components, particularly when used with a concrete slab.
Whether your application involves bridge decks, highway girders, or other structural elements, our products ensure lasting stability.
All shear connectors, including welded shear studs, supplied by BACO Enterprises are manufactured to be compatible with structural welding processes, ensuring they can be welded effectively, and meet the applicable AWS D1.1 and D1.5 welding codes.
We maintain an extensive inventory of sizes, including a wide range of diameters and lengths for stainless shear studs and 3/4 shear studs to accommodate project-specific needs. Available finishes include plain finish shear studs, hot-dip galvanized, and stainless steel to suit various environments and corrosion protection requirements.
Quality Assurance You Can Depend On
At BACO, quality assurance is part of every order. We perform in-house mechanical testing and inspections to ensure every shear connector meets project and industry specifications.
Mill test reports are available to verify compliance, giving you confidence that your order is properly certified. Our commitment to rigorous quality control is one of the reasons why we are a trusted source for contractors and fabricators throughout the region.
Fast And Reliable Shear Stud Delivery
Meeting construction deadlines requires dependable delivery, and BACO Enterprises is equipped to meet that need.
Our fast fulfillment capabilities and next-day delivery service cover New York, New Jersey, Connecticut, Pennsylvania, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and other parts of the Northeast and Mid-Atlantic.
We understand the time-sensitive nature of structural steel projects, so customers rely on us for fast turnaround and dependable supply.
Why Choose BACO Enterprises For Shear Connectors?
When you source shear studs and other structural fasteners from BACO Enterprises, you benefit from our extensive inventory, industry knowledge, and superior customer service.
Our long-standing relationships with leading fastener manufacturers allow us to offer competitive pricing without compromising quality. In addition to shear connectors, we supply a variety of structural components, including 3/4 shear studs, ASTM A29 shear studs, stainless shear studs, plain finish shear studs, welded coupling nuts, tension control bolts, and threaded rods, all supported by our in-house testing and inspection services.
Contact BACO Enterprises today for stud welding, shear studs, and other structural fasteners that meet your project’s specifications and deadlines. Please request a quote and experience the fast, reliable, and expert service we are known for.
Where are shear studs used?
Shear studs are essential for creating strong, stable connections between steel and concrete in modern infrastructure. By enabling composite action, they ensure effective load transfer in structures like bridge decks, buildings, and highways, enhancing structural integrity and reducing slippage between materials.
In high-rise and marine construction, shear studs distribute loads evenly and provide critical reinforcement, especially in corrosive environments. Their use increases safety, durability, and the lifespan of structures, making them indispensable in resilient, long-lasting construction.
What is the alternative to a shear stud?
Alternatives to shear studs for steel-to-concrete connections include:
- Mechanical Connectors: Shear Connectors allow for direct fastening without welding.
- High-Strength Bolts: ASTM A325 or A490 bolts, including friction-grip bolts, provide secure bolted connections.
- Steel Angle Connectors: Prefabricated steel angles can be bolted or anchored to both steel and concrete for composite action.
- Headed Anchor Bolts: Mechanically installed or cast-in anchor bolts offer a similar load path to shear studs.
- Perfobond Rib Connectors: Steel plates with holes or ribs, commonly used in bridge construction, are embedded in concrete and attached to steel beams.
Always consult a structural engineer to ensure the chosen alternative meets your project’s requirements.
What size are shear studs?
Shear studs come in a range of sizes to meet the varied demands of construction projects. Most commonly, they have diameters between 1/2 inch and 1 inch, with lengths chosen based on the thickness of the concrete slab and specific application needs. Among these, 3/4-inch diameter shear studs are widely used for their balance of strength and versatility in structures like bridge decks and high-rise buildings.
Selecting the right size is crucial for structural performance. Engineers consider factors such as steel and concrete thickness and expected loads to ensure optimal results. Consulting with experienced suppliers like BACO Enterprises can help guide this choice, ensuring compliance with industry standards and project requirements.
Choosing the appropriate shear stud size supports durability, safety, and innovation in construction, helping to create resilient structures that stand the test of time.
Stud Welding: Process, Equipment, and Best Practices
Stud welding is a specialized process used to attach shear studs to steel structures, ensuring a robust connection with concrete. The process involves using a stud welding gun, which delivers a high-current electric arc to heat the base of the stud and the steel surface simultaneously. Once the materials reach the appropriate temperature, the stud is pressed into the molten pool, creating a strong metallurgical bond.
Equipment Used in Stud Welding
- Stud Welding Gun: The primary tool for delivering the electric arc and positioning the stud.
- Power Source: Supplies the necessary current for the welding process.
- Control Unit: Regulates the timing and intensity of the weld.
- Ceramic Ferrules: Used to contain the molten metal and shape the weld.
Techniques and Best Practices
- Surface Preparation: Ensure both the steel surface and the stud base are clean and free of contaminants.
- Proper Alignment: Use guides or templates to maintain correct stud placement.
- Consistent Pressure: Apply uniform pressure during welding to achieve full fusion.
- Inspection: Perform visual and mechanical tests to verify weld integrity.
Types of Shear Connectors: Comparison and Applications
Shear connectors come in various forms, each suited to specific structural requirements. Understanding their differences is essential for optimal design.
Common Types
- Headed Shear Studs: The most widely used, ideal for composite beams and slabs. They provide excellent load transfer and are easy to install using stud welding.
- Perfobond Rib Connectors: Feature perforated steel plates that allow concrete to flow through, enhancing mechanical interlock. Common in bridge construction.
- Bolted Connectors: Use high-strength bolts to join steel and concrete. Suitable for applications where welding is impractical or disassembly may be required.
- Adhesive Connectors: Employ high-strength adhesives for bonding. Used in situations where heat from welding could damage surrounding materials.
Pros and Cons
| Type | Pros | Cons | Typical Applications |
|---|---|---|---|
| Headed Shear Studs | High strength, fast installation | Requires welding equipment | Composite beams, floors |
| Perfobond Rib | Superior mechanical interlock | More complex fabrication | Bridges, heavy infrastructure |
| Bolted Connectors | No welding required, removable | Slower installation, potential slip | Temporary structures, retrofits |
| Adhesive Connectors | No heat-affected zone, easy to apply | Lower strength, sensitive to conditions | Lightweight or non-structural |
Design Considerations for Shear Stud Selection
Selecting the right shear stud involves evaluating several factors to ensure compliance with industry standards and project requirements.
Key Factors
- Size: Determined by load requirements and slab thickness. Common diameters include 3/4", 7/8", and 1".
- Material: Carbon steel is standard, but stainless steel may be used for corrosion resistance.
- Finish: Options include plain, galvanized, or epoxy-coated, depending on environmental exposure.
- Standards: Reference ASTM A29 and ASTM A108 for material and manufacturing specifications. These standards ensure consistency in mechanical properties and performance.
Application Example
For bridge decks exposed to de-icing salts, stainless steel shear studs with a galvanized finish are often specified to maximize durability and lifespan.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Where are shear studs used? Shear studs are primarily used in composite construction, such as connecting steel beams to concrete slabs in buildings, bridges, and industrial floors. They are also found in marine and tunnel infrastructure.
What is the alternative to a shear stud? Alternatives include bolted connectors, perfobond rib connectors, and adhesive anchors. The choice depends on structural demands, installation environment, and whether disassembly is required.
What size are shear studs? Shear studs typically range from 1/2" to 1" in diameter and 4" to 8" in length. The exact size is determined by the structural design and load requirements, with 3/4" diameter being the most common for building applications.
